A high-class consonant. It says th at the start of a syllable and -t at the end. 16th in the alphabet, 29th of the 44 to learn here. You will meet it almost never.
01The sound it makes
6 of the 44 letters open a syllable with th, so the sound on its own will never tell you which one you are looking at. 18 letters close one with -t, and ฐ is among them.
High class takes only two of the four marks. Unmarked and live, ฐrises; ◌่ pulls it low and ◌้ makes it fall. Every dead syllable is low, and there is no mark that can change that.
Live — carried on ◌า
Dead short — ◌ะ
Dead long — ◌าก
The 3 tones this ladder reaches
↗Rising (จัตวา)Starts low then rises upward. Like English when asking a yes/no question.
↓→Low (เอก)Starts low and stays low. Slightly flat and subdued, like a quiet statement.
↘Falling (โท)Starts high then drops. Like English when expressing disappointment: "Oh..."
The same letter is two sounds: ฐ is th at the front of a syllable and -t at the back. Of the 4,271 words in this app it opens 2, sits inside 78 and closes 9.
Position here is orthographic — where the letter is written, not where it is said. The five leading vowels เ แ โ ใ ไ are skipped when deciding what comes first, so ไก่ counts as a word that starts with ก.
Written first2
Inside78
…and 72 more.
Written last9
…and 3 more.
04Text it turns up in
A word list is a specimen jar. 5 of the 221 sentences and phrases in this app are written with ฐ somewhere in them — here are 4, shortest first, with every ฐ lit.
05The class it belongs to
ฐ is one of 11 high-class consonants. That membership is the single fact the ladder in 02 is built on — change the class and every tone in it changes. Here they all are, with ฐ lit among them.